Glossary

Benford's Law (in bank statements)

Also called: Benford analysis, first-digit law

One-sentence definition

Benford's Law, applied to bank-statement underwriting, is the observation that genuine deposit amounts follow a predictable distribution of first digits — and that systematic deviations often indicate fabricated or manipulated transactions.

Key takeaways

  • A statistical tell, not a smoking gun.
  • Strongest signal across hundreds of transactions, not one.
  • Often paired with round-number bias as supporting evidence.

Why it matters for MCA underwriting

Fabricated transactions tend to over-represent certain first digits and round numbers in ways that diverge from the Benford distribution. The signal alone is rarely sufficient for a decline; combined with other layers, it adds confidence.

How Vyaso detects benford's law (in bank statements)

Vyaso runs a chi-squared test on the first-digit distribution of credit amounts and surfaces statistically significant deviations, paired with round-number bias and clustering signals.

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